Bitch Laika (Russian: Лайка, the name for a number of dog breeds, which literally means "Allenbach") is a dog space Soviet (1954 - November 3, 1957), the first mammal object out into space and orbit the earth, and the first lost his life because of this experience. Before the Leica trip into space was not known very little about the impact of space flight on living organisms. Some scientists believe that man can not afford to launch and can not co-exist with the space environment. So engineers suggested sending the animals to be a first indication of the Ansan.astkhaddmt the United States for this purpose chimpanzees while the Soviet Union chose the use of dogs. Leica and began to receive training with other dogs even selected to do the job and off with the Soviet spacecraft Sputnik 2 on November 3, 1957.
Leica died after a few hours of the launch, often due to stress and high temperature, and that this potential because of a malfunction in the temperature control system. But the date of her death was caused by not advertising them before 2002, it was announced she lived for several Obama.really Nevertheless, experience has shown that organisms can live with the launch vehicle and the turn-around in orbit and endure weightlessness of which they are in space. This experience paved the way for the human out of space and gave the scientists a first information about how to use living organisms with the space environment.
On April 11, 2008 Russia officially revealed a small memorial to Laika was built next to the military research in Moscow that prepared Laika trip to space facility monument. The memorial is a dog standing on top of a rocket.
After the success of Sputnik, we wanted the Soviet leader, Nikita Khrushchev, the launch of a spacecraft into space on November 7, on the fortieth anniversary of the Bolshevik Revolution, and in the meantime it is created satellite more sophisticated, but what was to end only by December; has become This new satellite Sputnik and later delivery in order to be on time, scientists were forced to build a new vehicle.
It was Khrushchev wants that the new vehicle "be amazing", which makes it possible to repeat the overwhelming success achieved by the previous task, and lead to a stunned world and astound people capabilities of the Soviet Union. View project planners settled on the use of a dog in this space flight, especially after the engineers missiles the Soviets want to send a dog into space before sending any human being; since 1951 they opened 12 dogs in astronomical trips inside the atmosphere, and they took gradually working on the preparation of space flight It has, at some point during 1958, the time probably. The scientists to speed up the implementation of space dogs until they finish the program in November, according to the Promised set by Khrushchev.
The decision was the official launch of Sputnik 2 in 10 or October 12, according to reports by Russian sources, leaving the team of scientists just four weeks to design and build the spacecraft. So, the Sputnik 2 was the result of quick action, where most of composite building sections according to the report by the preliminary drawings. Sputnik 2 was another secondary goal along with the main goal of any neighborhood sending passengers into space, it has been charged with devices to measure the solar and cosmic rays Alamat.
The vehicle is equipped with life support consists of a machine for producing oxygen and a number of devices to avoid oxygen poisoning and to absorb carbon dioxide. Fan added to the cabin assigned to the dog works automatically once the temperature rise above 15 ° C (59 ° F) so that the animal remains buoyant. The food situation (the situation of a gel) is enough for seven days of aviation, as linking Balkalph bag to gather the droppings. The scientists who designed bridle proportional to the size of the animal as well as some chains to restrict their movements and prevented from standing, sitting, or lying down; where the cabin were not wide enough to allow them all that not even spin. Put in an electric vehicle also planned to monitor the heart rate pulse bitch, and other devices to monitor respiration rate, maximum arterial pressure, and movement. Developed Leica in the satellite on October 31, 1957, according to reports by the documents NASA, any 3 days of the start of Almanmh.ovi that time of year before temperatures were very low launch site, so the use of a hose connected to a heating to keep warm Kapentha, was the appointment of assistants to monitor continuously bitch ever before. Before take-off from shortly Bichon Space Center, on the third of November 1957, it has been cleared four Leica weak solution of alcohol and MSA is the cautiously, in addition to clear areas of her body that will lead the sensors monitoring of vital signals iodine.
When I got to the maximum speed of the vehicle increased breathing Leica rate to about 3 or 4 times than it was before Alalia.Mozart sensors pulses that her heart rate was 103 beats per flour before setting off, and then became 240 beats per floury during the first phase of take-off. Introduction Sputnik 2 separated successfully after their arrival to the atmosphere, but the "Block A" center not separated as planned, preventing the heat from the device working properly control, also broke some thermal insulators, raising the cabin temperature to 40 ° C ( 104 ° Fahrenheit). Leica pulse and Usage rate returned to 102 beats per minute after three hours of weightlessness, and this is three times longer than it takes when it was subject to training on the ground, which shows the state of severe tension, which was experiencing. The first measurements after that bitch was tense but showed proceeded to scavenging, and after about 5 to 7 hours of quitting, is no longer up of the spacecraft any dynamic signal.
The Russian scientists had planned to subdue the Leica euthanasia by food poisoning which was Segue at in space. For many years, the Soviet Union was giving conflicting statements that they either died from suffocation due to lack of oxygen when the batteries are disrupted, or that he has been subjected to euthanasia. Dart a lot of rumors about the way the death of a bitch, in 1999 provided many Russian sources that Laika died due to high-temperature Kapentha on the fourth day, but the real emerged in October 2002 when Dr. Dmitry Mlashenkov, one of the scientists who contributed to the task Sputnik 2, the Leica died after 5 or 7 hours of the launch because of excessive tension and a high degree of cabin heat. In a paper presented to the world space complex in Houston, Texas, text "shows that it was impossible to make effective machine that can control the heat through the little that our adherence to its time." Sputnik 2 and the disintegration of the burned remains of -With Alaska- during re-entry on April 14, 1958, after more than 5 months of its launch and 2,570 astronomical cycle carried out.
No comments:
Post a Comment